Volumes of moduli spaces of bordered Klein surfaces
Abstract
We generalise Mirzakhani's recursion to volumes of moduli spaces of bordered Klein surfaces, which include non-orientable surfaces. On these moduli spaces, the top form introduced by Norbury diverges as the lengths of 1-sided geodesics approach zero. However, when integrated over Gendulphe's regularised moduli space, on which the systole of 1-sided geodesics is bounded below by , it returns a finite value. Using Norbury's extension of the Mirzakhani--McShane identities to non-orientable surfaces, we derive an explicit formula for the volume of the moduli space of one-bordered Klein bottles, as well as a recursion for arbitrary topologies that fully captures the dependence on Gendulphe's regularisation parameter . We further relate these results to refined topological recursion, showing that, for a fixed refinement parameter, the volumes of moduli spaces of Klein surfaces with Euler characteristic are governed by this procedure, and we conjecture the same holds for general topologies.
Cite
@article{arxiv.2511.21986,
title = {Volumes of moduli spaces of bordered Klein surfaces},
author = {Elba Garcia-Failde and Paolo Gregori and Kento Osuga},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2511.21986},
year = {2025}
}
Comments
40 pages, 6 figures