We aim to develop a retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) framework that answers questions over a corpus of visually-rich documents presented in mixed modalities (e.g., charts, tables) and diverse formats (e.g., PDF, PPTX). In this paper, we introduce a new RAG framework, VDocRAG, which can directly understand varied documents and modalities in a unified image format to prevent missing information that occurs by parsing documents to obtain text. To improve the performance, we propose novel self-supervised pre-training tasks that adapt large vision-language models for retrieval by compressing visual information into dense token representations while aligning them with textual content in documents. Furthermore, we introduce OpenDocVQA, the first unified collection of open-domain document visual question answering datasets, encompassing diverse document types and formats. OpenDocVQA provides a comprehensive resource for training and evaluating retrieval and question answering models on visually-rich documents in an open-domain setting. Experiments show that VDocRAG substantially outperforms conventional text-based RAG and has strong generalization capability, highlighting the potential of an effective RAG paradigm for real-world documents.
@article{arxiv.2504.09795,
title = {VDocRAG: Retrieval-Augmented Generation over Visually-Rich Documents},
author = {Ryota Tanaka and Taichi Iki and Taku Hasegawa and Kyosuke Nishida and Kuniko Saito and Jun Suzuki},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2504.09795},
year = {2025}
}
Comments
Accepted by CVPR 2025; project page: https://vdocrag.github.io