Upper Bound of the Least Quadratic Nonresidues
General Mathematics
2025-10-10 v9
Abstract
Let be a large prime and let denotes the least quadratic nonresidue modulo . This note sharpens the standard upper bound of the least quadratic nonresidue from the unconditional upper bound to the conjectured upper bound , where is a small number, unconditionally. This improvement breaks the exponential upper bound barrier.
Cite
@article{arxiv.2106.00544,
title = {Upper Bound of the Least Quadratic Nonresidues},
author = {N. A. Carella},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2106.00544},
year = {2025}
}
Comments
Twenty One Pages. Refined Analysis of the Error Term. Keywords: Least quadratic nonresidue; Square root mod $p$; Deterministic algorithm