Training task-oriented dialogue systems typically requires turn-level annotations for interacting with their APIs: e.g. a dialogue state and the system actions taken at each step. These annotations can be costly to produce, error-prone, and require both domain and annotation expertise. With advances in LLMs, we hypothesize that unlabeled data and a schema definition are sufficient for building a working task-oriented dialogue system, completely unsupervised. We consider a novel unsupervised setting of only (1) a well-defined API schema (2) a set of unlabeled dialogues between a user and agent. We propose an innovative approach using expectation-maximization (EM) that infers turn-level annotations as latent variables using a noisy channel model to build an end-to-end dialogue agent. Evaluating our approach on the MultiWOZ benchmark, our method more than doubles the dialogue success rate of a strong GPT-3.5 baseline.
@article{arxiv.2404.15219,
title = {Unsupervised End-to-End Task-Oriented Dialogue with LLMs: The Power of the Noisy Channel},
author = {Brendan King and Jeffrey Flanigan},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2404.15219},
year = {2024}
}
Comments
To be presented at Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP 2024). 18 Pages, 8 Figures