English

Universal categories

Logic 2025-12-23 v1 Category Theory

Abstract

The category of models of any theory TT in any first-order language LL has the surprising property that any small category that is elementarily equivalent with it, already embeds in it. The proof uses an abstract argument via ultrapowers, leaving one wonder which concrete categorical axioms, depending on TT and LL, are responsible for this embedding result. We also propose a first-order logic for which equivalent categories are always elementarily equivalent.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2512.18896,
  title  = {Universal categories},
  author = {Hans Schoutens},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2512.18896},
  year   = {2025}
}