English

Tutorial: $\varphi$-Transductions in OpenFst via the Gallic Semiring

Formal Languages and Automata Theory 2025-06-24 v1 Computation and Language

Abstract

OpenFst, a popular finite-state transducer library, supports φ\varphi-transitions but, due to an implementation constraint, they cannot be used with transducers in a straightforward way. In this short tutorial, we describe how one can use other functionality provided by OpenFst (namely, the Gallic semiring) to correctly implement φ\varphi-transductions and demonstrate it by implementing the MaxMatch (WordPiece) tokenization algorithm (Devlin et al., 2019; Song et al., 2021). Accompanying self-contained code examples are provided. https://www.openfst.org/twiki/pub/Contrib/FstContrib/phi_transduction_tutorial_code.tgz

Cite

@article{arxiv.2506.17942,
  title  = {Tutorial: $\varphi$-Transductions in OpenFst via the Gallic Semiring},
  author = {Marco Cognetta and Cyril Allauzen},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2506.17942},
  year   = {2025}
}

Comments

8 pages, 2 figures, code included

R2 v1 2026-07-01T03:28:13.804Z