English

TRINITY IV: Predictions for Supermassive Black Holes at $z \gtrsim 7$

Astrophysics of Galaxies 2023-09-15 v1

Abstract

We present predictions for the high-redshift halo-galaxy-supermassive black hole (SMBH) connection from the TRINITY model. Constrained by a comprehensive compilation of galaxy (0z100\leq z \leq 10) and SMBH datasets (0z6.50\leq z \leq 6.5), TRINITY finds: 1) The number of SMBHs with M>109MM_\bullet > 10^9 M_\odot in the observable Universe increases by six orders of magnitude from z10z\sim10 to z2z\sim2, and by another factor of 3\sim 3 from z2z\sim2 to z=0z=0; 2) The M>109/1010MM_\bullet > 10^9/10^{10} M_\odot SMBHs at z6z\sim 6 live in haloes with (23)/(35)×1012M\sim (2-3)/(3-5) \times 10^{12} M_\odot; 3) the new JWST AGNs at 7z117\lesssim z \lesssim 11 are broadly consistent with the median SMBH mass-galaxy mass relation for AGNs from TRINITY; 4) Seeds from runaway mergers in nuclear star clusters are viable progenitors for the SMBHs in GN-z11 (z=10.6z=10.6) and CEERS_1019 (z=8.7z=8.7); 5) z=610z=6-10 quasar luminosity functions from wide area surveys by, e.g., Roman and Euclid, will reduce uncertainties in the z=610z=6-10 SMBH mass-galaxy mass relation by up to 0.5\sim 0.5 dex.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2309.07210,
  title  = {TRINITY IV: Predictions for Supermassive Black Holes at $z \gtrsim 7$},
  author = {Haowen Zhang and Peter Behroozi and Marta Volonteri and Joseph Silk and Xiaohui Fan and James Aird and Jinyi Yang and Feige Wang and Philip F. Hopkins},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2309.07210},
  year   = {2023}
}

Comments

15 pages, 12 figures, submitted to MNRAS. Questions and comments are welcome!