English

Towards a causal effective thermodynamics of scalar-tensor gravity

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology 2026-05-26 v1

Abstract

The thermal analogy between the effective fluid of scalar-tensor gravity and Eckart's irreversible thermodynamics is extended to the causal Israel-Stewart model, adopting the minimal ansatz of promoting the heat flux density to a timelike vector. This choice yields analytically manageable constitutive equations, allowing for the first consistent decoupling of the effective temperature T\mathcal{T} and the effective thermal conductivity K\mathcal{K} of scalar-tensor gravity. Crucially, this new framework preserves the interpretation of general relativity as the equilibrium state approached via a dynamical relaxation process in the vanishing-KT\mathcal {KT} limit. This new causal formalism is applied to cosmology.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2605.24133,
  title  = {Towards a causal effective thermodynamics of scalar-tensor gravity},
  author = {Narayan Banerjee and Andrea Giusti and Valerio Faraoni and Luca Gallerani and Alain Maltais-Gosselin},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2605.24133},
  year   = {2026}
}