Toward Reliable Sim-to-Real Predictability for MoE-based Robust Quadrupedal Locomotion
Abstract
Reinforcement learning has shown strong promise for quadrupedal agile locomotion, even with proprioception-only sensing. In practice, however, sim-to-real gap and reward overfitting in complex terrains can produce policies that fail to transfer, while physical validation remains risky and inefficient. To address these challenges, we introduce a unified framework encompassing a Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) locomotion policy for robust multi-terrain representation with RoboGauge, a predictive assessment suite that quantifies sim-to-real transferability. The MoE policy employs a gated set of specialist experts to decompose latent terrain and command modeling, achieving superior deployment robustness and generalization via proprioception alone. RoboGauge further provides multi-dimensional proprioception-based metrics via sim-to-sim tests over terrains, difficulty levels, and domain randomizations, enabling reliable MoE policy selection without extensive physical trials. Experiments on a Unitree Go2 demonstrate robust locomotion on unseen challenging terrains, including snow, sand, stairs, slopes, and 30 cm obstacles. In dedicated high-speed tests, the robot reaches 4 m/s and exhibits an emergent narrow-width gait associated with improved stability at high velocity.
Keywords
Cite
@article{arxiv.2602.00678,
title = {Toward Reliable Sim-to-Real Predictability for MoE-based Robust Quadrupedal Locomotion},
author = {Tianyang Wu and Hanwei Guo and Yuhang Wang and Junshu Yang and Xinyang Sui and Jiayi Xie and Xingyu Chen and Zeyang Liu and Xuguang Lan},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2602.00678},
year = {2026}
}
Comments
Accepted at Robotics Science and Systems (RSS), 2026. Project Page: https://robogauge.github.io/complete/