English

Toward Reliable Sim-to-Real Predictability for MoE-based Robust Quadrupedal Locomotion

Robotics 2026-05-12 v4

Abstract

Reinforcement learning has shown strong promise for quadrupedal agile locomotion, even with proprioception-only sensing. In practice, however, sim-to-real gap and reward overfitting in complex terrains can produce policies that fail to transfer, while physical validation remains risky and inefficient. To address these challenges, we introduce a unified framework encompassing a Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) locomotion policy for robust multi-terrain representation with RoboGauge, a predictive assessment suite that quantifies sim-to-real transferability. The MoE policy employs a gated set of specialist experts to decompose latent terrain and command modeling, achieving superior deployment robustness and generalization via proprioception alone. RoboGauge further provides multi-dimensional proprioception-based metrics via sim-to-sim tests over terrains, difficulty levels, and domain randomizations, enabling reliable MoE policy selection without extensive physical trials. Experiments on a Unitree Go2 demonstrate robust locomotion on unseen challenging terrains, including snow, sand, stairs, slopes, and 30 cm obstacles. In dedicated high-speed tests, the robot reaches 4 m/s and exhibits an emergent narrow-width gait associated with improved stability at high velocity.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2602.00678,
  title  = {Toward Reliable Sim-to-Real Predictability for MoE-based Robust Quadrupedal Locomotion},
  author = {Tianyang Wu and Hanwei Guo and Yuhang Wang and Junshu Yang and Xinyang Sui and Jiayi Xie and Xingyu Chen and Zeyang Liu and Xuguang Lan},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2602.00678},
  year   = {2026}
}

Comments

Accepted at Robotics Science and Systems (RSS), 2026. Project Page: https://robogauge.github.io/complete/

R2 v1 2026-07-01T09:29:21.926Z