English

Toward Lower Bounds for Chromatic Symmetric Functions in the Elementary Basis

Combinatorics 2026-02-18 v2

Abstract

Tatsuyuki Hikita recently proved the Stanley--Stembridge conjecture using probabilistic methods, showing that the chromatic symmetric functions of unit interval graphs are ee-positive. Finding a combinatorial interpretation for these ee-coefficients remains a major open problem. One approach is to look for combinatorial interpretations which are subsets of Gasharov's PP-tableaux. Towards this goal, we introduce sets of strong and powerful PP-tableaux, and use them to find combinatorial interpretations for various ee-coefficients of the chromatic symmetric function Xinc(P)(x,q)X_{inc(P)}(\mathbf{x}, q). We conjecture that the set of strong PP-tableaux gives a lower bound for the ee-coefficients of Xinc(P)(x,q)X_{inc(P)}(\mathbf{x}, q). Additionally, we show that strong PP-tableaux and the Shareshian--Wachs inversion statistic appear naturally in the proof of Hikita's result.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2509.02841,
  title  = {Toward Lower Bounds for Chromatic Symmetric Functions in the Elementary Basis},
  author = {Isaiah Siegl},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2509.02841},
  year   = {2026}
}

Comments

In a previous version, we conjectured that powerful $P$-tableaux give an upper bound for the $e$-coefficients of chromatic symmetric functions of incomparability graphs of natural unit interval orders. An anonymous reviewer showed that the poset corresponding to the reverse Hessenberg function (0,0,1,1,2,3,4,6) gives a counterexample to this conjecture