The rapid growth of the low-altitude economy drives increasingly autonomous unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) operations, giving rise to low-altitude embodied intelligence (LAEI), in which sensing, communication, computation, and control (SC3) are tightly integrated to enable closed-loop interaction, ensuring timely, effective, and safe responses in complex or unknown environments. This article systematically explores the LAEI networks, from its fundamental architecture to the diverse scenarios that it can support. We examine key enabling techniques that sustain timely information exchange and effective decision feedback within the SC3 closed loop. A representative low-altitude UAV mission in an unknown urban area is presented as a case study, where the UAV provides communication services and performs environmental sensing to inform closed-loop control, illustrating how coordinated SC3 capabilities enable efficient and responsive operation. By identifying major challenges and outlining future research directions, this work serves as a cornerstone for developing next-generation low-altitude intelligent systems.
@article{arxiv.2604.24217,
title = {Toward Low-Altitude Embodied Intelligence: A Sensing-Communication-Computation-Control Closed-Loop Perspective},
author = {Jihao Luo and Zesong Fei and Xinyi Wang and Shuntian Tang and Zilong Liu and Yiqing Zhou},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2604.24217},
year = {2026}
}