Torus bifurcation of a dissipative time crystal
Abstract
Using a quantum gas setup consisting of a Bose-Einstein condensate strongly coupled to a high-finesse optical cavity by a transverse pump laser, we experimentally observe an instability of a dissipative continuous time crystal (CTC) towards a time crystalline state exhibiting two prominent oscillation frequencies. Applying a mean-field approximation model and a Floquet analysis, we theoretically confirm that this transition is a manifestation in a many-body system of a torus bifurcation between a limit cycle (LC) and a limit torus (LT). We theoretically illustrate the LC and LT attractors using the minimal model and experimentally reconstruct them using Takens' embedding theorem applied to the non-destructively measured intracavity photon dynamics.
Cite
@article{arxiv.2411.00155,
title = {Torus bifurcation of a dissipative time crystal},
author = {Jayson G. Cosme and Phatthamon Kongkhambut and Anton Bölian and Richelle Jade L. Tuquero and Jim Skulte and Ludwig Mathey and Andreas Hemmerich and Hans Keßler},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2411.00155},
year = {2025}
}