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Topological Blocking of the Schwinger Effect in the Salpeter Equation: A Lefschetz Thimble Analysis

High Energy Physics - Theory 2026-05-11 v1 Mathematical Physics math.MP

Abstract

We present a comprehensive Lefschetz thimble analysis of the one-dimensional Salpeter equation under a strong electric field. By treating the non-local square-root operator within the framework of algebraic analysis, we construct the full solution space, which includes relativistic generalizations of the Airy Ai and Bi functions and their negative-energy counterparts. Through a direct comparison with the Dirac and Klein-Gordon equations, we provide a geometric explanation for the absence of Klein paradox and the Schwinger effect in the Salpeter equation. Furthermore, our findings establish a unified geometric interpretation of the Schwinger effect across different relativistic wave equations.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2605.07934,
  title  = {Topological Blocking of the Schwinger Effect in the Salpeter Equation: A Lefschetz Thimble Analysis},
  author = {Yutaro Shoji},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2605.07934},
  year   = {2026}
}

Comments

18 pages, 10 figures