Time Parametrizations in Long-Range Interacting Bose-Einstein Condensates
Quantum Physics
2021-09-24 v5 General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Abstract
Time-reparametrization invariance in general relativistic space-time does not allow us to single out a time in quantum mechanics in a mechanical way of measurement. Motivated by this problem, we examine this gauge invariance in the ground state of the quasi-stationary coarse-grained state of a long-range interacting closed system of identical or identified, macroscopic, and spatiotemporally inhomogeneous Bose-Einstein condensates in the thermodynamic and Newtonian limits. As a result, we find that it is a theoretical counterexample of this gauge invariance, except for proper-time translational invariance, at a coarse-grained level.
Cite
@article{arxiv.2102.11591,
title = {Time Parametrizations in Long-Range Interacting Bose-Einstein Condensates},
author = {Eiji Konishi},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2102.11591},
year = {2021}
}
Comments
11 pages, 2 figures, revtex, v5: published version