English

Three heteroclinic orbits induce a countable family of equivalence classes of regular flows

Dynamical Systems 2026-03-10 v1

Abstract

We solve the problem of topological classification for smooth structurally stable flows on closed four-dimensional manifolds, the non-wandering set of which contains exactly two saddle equilibria, and the wandering set contains isolated trajectories connecting these saddle equilibria (heteroclinic curves). In particular, we show that for a flow of the class under consideration on CP2\mathbb{CP}^2, the number of heteroclinic curves is a complete topological invariant, while on the sphere S4\mathbb S^4, there exists a countably many equivalence classes with an arbitrary odd number γ3\gamma\geq 3 of heteroclinic curves. These results contrast with a three-dimensional case, where under similar conditions there exists only finite set of equivalence classes for each number of heteroclinic curves.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2603.07470,
  title  = {Three heteroclinic orbits induce a countable family of equivalence classes of regular flows},
  author = {Elena Gurevich},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2603.07470},
  year   = {2026}
}