Three heteroclinic orbits induce a countable family of equivalence classes of regular flows
Abstract
We solve the problem of topological classification for smooth structurally stable flows on closed four-dimensional manifolds, the non-wandering set of which contains exactly two saddle equilibria, and the wandering set contains isolated trajectories connecting these saddle equilibria (heteroclinic curves). In particular, we show that for a flow of the class under consideration on , the number of heteroclinic curves is a complete topological invariant, while on the sphere , there exists a countably many equivalence classes with an arbitrary odd number of heteroclinic curves. These results contrast with a three-dimensional case, where under similar conditions there exists only finite set of equivalence classes for each number of heteroclinic curves.
Keywords
Cite
@article{arxiv.2603.07470,
title = {Three heteroclinic orbits induce a countable family of equivalence classes of regular flows},
author = {Elena Gurevich},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2603.07470},
year = {2026}
}