English

Three Graffiti.pc Conjectures on Largest Induced Trees: Proofs of Conjectures 141, 142, and 143

Combinatorics 2026-08-02 v1

Abstract

For a finite simple graph GG, let t(G)t(G) be the largest order of an induced tree and let g(G)g(G) be the girth. We prove three consecutive conjectures of DeLaVi\~na's Graffiti.pc program. First, writing (v)\ell(v) for the independence number of the subgraph induced by the neighbourhood of vv, we prove t(G)g(G)/21+maxvV(G)(v)t(G) \ge \lfloor g(G)/2 \rfloor - 1 + \max_{v \in V(G)} \ell(v). Second, if Per(G)\mathrm{Per}(G) is the periphery and f(G)=maxxd(x,Per(G))f(G) = \max_x d(x, \mathrm{Per}(G)), we prove t(G)23g(G)+f(G)t(G) \ge \frac{2}{3} g(G) + f(G), and establish the stronger integral bound t(G)f(G)+2g(G)/3t(G) \ge f(G) + \lceil 2g(G)/3 \rceil when GG contains a cycle. Third, if δ(G)\delta'(G) is the second-smallest degree, counted with multiplicity, then every connected non-tree graph satisfies t(G)δ(G)g(G)+1t(G) \delta'(G) \ge g(G) + 1. These are Conjectures 141, 142, and 143 of Written on the Wall II. Complete, machine-checked Lean 4 proofs of all three formal statements accompany the manuscript.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2608.01396,
  title  = {Three Graffiti.pc Conjectures on Largest Induced Trees: Proofs of Conjectures 141, 142, and 143},
  author = {Alper Ferudun},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2608.01396},
  year   = {2026}
}

Comments

16 pages. Complete Lean 4 proofs of all three formal statements are included as ancillary files; see Google DeepMind Formal Conjectures pull requests #4454 and #4457