English

Three Creates All: You Only Sample 3 Steps

Machine Learning 2026-03-25 v1 Artificial Intelligence Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition

Abstract

Diffusion models deliver high-fidelity generation but remain slow at inference time due to many sequential network evaluations. We find that standard timestep conditioning becomes a key bottleneck for few-step sampling. Motivated by layer-dependent denoising dynamics, we propose Multi-layer Time Embedding Optimization (MTEO), which freeze the pretrained diffusion backbone and distill a small set of step-wise, layer-wise time embeddings from reference trajectories. MTEO is plug-and-play with existing ODE solvers, adds no inference-time overhead, and trains only a tiny fraction of parameters. Extensive experiments across diverse datasets and backbones show state-of-the-art performance in the few-step sampling and substantially narrow the gap between distillation-based and lightweight methods. Code will be available.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2603.22375,
  title  = {Three Creates All: You Only Sample 3 Steps},
  author = {Yuren Cai and Guangyi Wang and Zongqing Li and Li Li and Zhihui Liu and Songzhi Su},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2603.22375},
  year   = {2026}
}
R2 v1 2026-07-01T11:33:57.226Z