The Triggerless Data Acquisition System of the XENONnT Experiment
Abstract
The XENONnT detector uses the latest and largest liquid xenon-based time projection chamber (TPC) operated by the XENON Collaboration, aimed at detecting Weakly Interacting Massive Particles and conducting other rare event searches. The XENONnT data acquisition (DAQ) system constitutes an upgraded and expanded version of the XENON1T DAQ system. For its operation, it relies predominantly on commercially available hardware accompanied by open-source and custom-developed software. The three constituent subsystems of the XENONnT detector, the TPC (main detector), muon veto, and the newly introduced neutron veto, are integrated into a single DAQ, and can be operated both independently and as a unified system. In total, the DAQ digitizes the signals of 698 photomultiplier tubes (PMTs), of which 253 from the top PMT array of the TPC are digitized twice, at and gain. The DAQ for the most part is a triggerless system, reading out and storing every signal that exceeds the digitization thresholds. Custom-developed software is used to process the acquired data, making it available within for live data quality monitoring and online analyses. The entire system with all the three subsystems was successfully commissioned and has been operating continuously, comfortably withstanding readout rates that exceed MB/s during calibration. Livetime during normal operation exceeds and is during most high-rate calibrations. The combined DAQ system has collected more than 2 PB of both calibration and science data during the commissioning of XENONnT and the first science run.
Keywords
Cite
@article{arxiv.2212.11032,
title = {The Triggerless Data Acquisition System of the XENONnT Experiment},
author = {E. Aprile and J. Aalbers and K. Abe and F. Agostini and S. Ahmed Maouloud and L. Althueser and B. Andrieu and E. Angelino and J. R. Angevaare and V. C. Antochi and D. Antón Martin and F. Arneodo and L. Baudis and A. L. Baxter and L. Bellagamba and R. Biondi and A. Bismark and E. J. Brookes and A. Brown and S. Bruenner and G. Bruno and R. Budnik and T. K. Bui and C. Cai and J. M. R. Cardoso and D. Cichon and A. P. Cimental Chavez and D. Coderre and A. P. Colijn and J. Conrad and J. J. Cuenca-García and J. P. Cussonneau and V. D'Andrea and M. P. Decowski and P. Di Gangi and S. Di Pede and S. Diglio and K. Eitel and A. Elykov and S. Farrell and A. D. Ferella and C. Ferrari and H. Fischer and M. Flierman and W. Fulgione and C. Fuselli and P. Gaemers and R. Gaior and A. Gallo Rosso and M. Galloway and F. Gao and R. Glade-Beucke and L. Grandi and J. Grigat and M. Guida and R. Hammann and A. Higuera and C. Hils and L. Hoetzsch and N. F. Hood and J. Howlett and M. Iacovacci and Y. Itow and J. Jakob and F. Joerg and A. Joy and N. Kato and M. Kara and P. Kavrigin and S. Kazama and M. Kobayashi and G. Koltman and A. Kopec and F. Kuger and H. Landsman and R. F. Lang and L. Levinson and I. Li and S. Li and S. Liang and S. Lindemann and M. Lindner and K. Liu and J. Loizeau and F. Lombardi and J. Long and J. A. M. Lopes and Y. Ma and C. Macolino and J. Mahlstedt and A. Mancuso and L. Manenti and F. Marignetti and T. Marrodán Undagoitia and K. Martens and J. Masbou and D. Masson and E. Masson and S. Mastroianni and M. Messina and K. Miuchi and K. Mizukoshi and A. Molinario and S. Moriyama and K. Morå and Y. Mosbacher and M. Murra and J. Müller and K. Ni and U. Oberlack and B. Paetsch and J. Palacio and R. Peres and C. Peters and J. Pienaar and M. Pierre and V. Pizzella and G. Plante and J. Qi and J. Qin and D. Ramírez García and A. Rocchetti and L. Sanchez and P. Sanchez-Lucas and J. M. F. dos Santos and I. Sarnoff and G. Sartorelli and J. Schreiner and D. Schulte and P. Schulte and H. Schulze Eißing and M. Schumann and L. Scotto Lavina and M. Selvi and F. Semeria and P. Shagin and S. Shi and E. Shockley and M. Silva and H. Simgen and A. Takeda and P. -L. Tan and A. Terliuk and D. Thers and F. Toschi and G. Trinchero and C. Tunnell and F. Tönnies and K. Valerius and G. Volta and C. Weinheimer and M. Weiss and D. Wenz and C. Wittweg and T. Wolf and D. Xu and Z. Xu and M. Yamashita and L. Yang and J. Ye and L. Yuan and G. Zavattini and S. Zerbo and M. Zhong and T. Zhu},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2212.11032},
year = {2023}
}