English

The Structure and Kinematics of Three Class 0 Protostellar Jets from JWST

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics 2026-01-15 v1 Astrophysics of Galaxies

Abstract

We present observations of jets within 2000 au of three deeply embedded protostars using 2.9-27 micron observations with JWST. These observations show the morphologies and kinematics of the collimated jets from three protostars, the low-mass Class 0 protostars B335 and HOPS 153, and the intermediate-mass protostar HOPS 370. These jets are traced by shock-ionized fine-structure line emission observed with the JWST NIRSpec and MIRI IFUs. We find that [Fe II] emission traces the full extent of the inner 1000 to 2000 au of the jets, depending on distance to the protostar, while other ions mostly trace isolated shocked knots. The jets show evidence of wiggling motion in the plane of the sky as well as asymmetries between blue and red-shifted lobes. The widths of the jets increase non-monotonically with distance from the central protostar, with opening angles ranging from 2.1 degrees to < 10.1 degrees for the three protostars in the sample. The jets have total velocities ranging from 147 to 184 km/s after correcting for disk inclination. For B335, an 8-month gap between NIRSpec and MIRI MRS observations enabled measurement of the tangential velocity of a shocked knot; in combination with the radial velocity, this shows that the jet has a different inclination than the outflow cavity. We find multiple knots before and during a recent outburst in B335, although the knots were more frequent during the burst. The asymmetries between blue- and red-shifted lobes strongly suggest complex interactions between the circumstellar disks and magnetic fields.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2601.09587,
  title  = {The Structure and Kinematics of Three Class 0 Protostellar Jets from JWST},
  author = {Samuel A. Federman and S. Thomas Megeath and Alessio Caratti o Garatti and Mayank Narang and Himanshu Tyagi and Neal J. Evans and Carolin N. Kimmig and Lukasz Tychoniec and Henrik Beuther and Amelia Stutz and P. Manoj and Robert Gutermuth and Tyler L. Bourke and Joel Green and Lee Hartmann and Pamela Klaassen and Rolf Kuiper and Leslie W. Looney and Pooneh Nazari and Thomas Stanke and Dan M. Watson and Yao-Lun Yang and Wafa Zakri},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2601.09587},
  year   = {2026}
}

Comments

25 pages, 15 figures, 7 tables