The Shape of Word Embeddings: Quantifying Non-Isometry With Topological Data Analysis
Abstract
Word embeddings represent language vocabularies as clouds of -dimensional points. We investigate how information is conveyed by the general shape of these clouds, instead of representing the semantic meaning of each token. Specifically, we use the notion of persistent homology from topological data analysis (TDA) to measure the distances between language pairs from the shape of their unlabeled embeddings. These distances quantify the degree of non-isometry of the embeddings. To distinguish whether these differences are random training errors or capture real information about the languages, we use the computed distance matrices to construct language phylogenetic trees over 81 Indo-European languages. Careful evaluation shows that our reconstructed trees exhibit strong and statistically-significant similarities to the reference.
Cite
@article{arxiv.2404.00500,
title = {The Shape of Word Embeddings: Quantifying Non-Isometry With Topological Data Analysis},
author = {Ondřej Draganov and Steven Skiena},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2404.00500},
year = {2025}
}
Comments
Submitted to EMNLP Findings 2024. The code used is shared on GitHub: https://github.com/OnDraganov/shape-of-word-embeddings. URL of the publication: "https://aclanthology.org/2024.findings-emnlp.705"