English

The Second Dirichlet Eigenvalue is Simple on Every Non-equilateral Triangle, Part II: Nearly Equilateral Triangles

Spectral Theory 2025-07-21 v6

Abstract

This paper solves the open problem of the simplicity of the second Dirichlet eigenvalue for nearly equilateral triangles, offering a complete solution to Conjecture 6.47 posed by R. Laugesen and B. Siudeja in A. Henrot's book ``Shape Optimization and Spectral Theory." Our proof is achieved by introducing a new difference quotient formula for the behavior of nearly degenerate eigenvalues resulting from domain perturbations, and a novel numerical algorithm that rigorously estimates it using verified computation.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2305.14063,
  title  = {The Second Dirichlet Eigenvalue is Simple on Every Non-equilateral Triangle, Part II: Nearly Equilateral Triangles},
  author = {Ryoki Endo and Xuefeng Liu},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2305.14063},
  year   = {2025}
}
R2 v1 2026-06-28T10:43:00.296Z