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The Pound-Drever-Hall Method for Superconducting-Qubit Readout

Quantum Physics 2025-12-22 v2

Abstract

Scaling quantum computers to large sizes requires the implementation of many parallel qubit readouts. Here we present an ultrastable superconducting-qubit readout method using the multi-tone self-phase-referenced Pound-Drever-Hall (PDH) technique, originally developed for use with optical cavities. In this work, we benchmark PDH readout of a single transmon qubit, using room-temperature heterodyne detection of all tones to reconstruct the PDH signal. We demonstrate that PDH qubit readout is insensitive to microwave phase drift, displaying 0.730.73^\circ phase stability over 2 hours, and capable of single-shot readout in the presence of phase errors exceeding the phase shift induced by the qubit state. We show that the PDH sideband tones do not cause unwanted measurement-induced state transitions for a transmon qubit, leading to a potential signal enhancement of at least 1414~dB over traditional heterodyne readout.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2512.03138,
  title  = {The Pound-Drever-Hall Method for Superconducting-Qubit Readout},
  author = {Ibukunoluwa Adisa and Won Chan Lee and Kevin C. Cox and Alicia J. Kollár},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2512.03138},
  year   = {2025}
}
R2 v1 2026-07-01T08:06:23.612Z