English

The Peano-Baker series

Classical Analysis and ODEs 2025-07-22 v3

Abstract

This note reviews the Peano-Baker series and its use to solve the general linear system of ODEs. The account is elementary and self-contained, and is meant as a pedagogic introduction to this approach, which is well known but usually treated as a folklore result or as a purely formal tool. Here, a simple convergence result is given, and two examples illustrate that the series can be used explicitly as well.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.1011.1775,
  title  = {The Peano-Baker series},
  author = {Michael Baake and Ulrike Schlaegel},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1011.1775},
  year   = {2025}
}

Comments

6 pages; instructional in nature, with (some) historical references; some minor improvements, and some cosmetic updates

R2 v1 2026-06-21T16:40:28.590Z