English

The Optimality of Polynomial Regression for Agnostic Learning under Gaussian Marginals

Machine Learning 2021-02-09 v1 Data Structures and Algorithms Statistics Theory Machine Learning Statistics Theory

Abstract

We study the problem of agnostic learning under the Gaussian distribution. We develop a method for finding hard families of examples for a wide class of problems by using LP duality. For Boolean-valued concept classes, we show that the L1L^1-regression algorithm is essentially best possible, and therefore that the computational difficulty of agnostically learning a concept class is closely related to the polynomial degree required to approximate any function from the class in L1L^1-norm. Using this characterization along with additional analytic tools, we obtain optimal SQ lower bounds for agnostically learning linear threshold functions and the first non-trivial SQ lower bounds for polynomial threshold functions and intersections of halfspaces. We also develop an analogous theory for agnostically learning real-valued functions, and as an application prove near-optimal SQ lower bounds for agnostically learning ReLUs and sigmoids.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2102.04401,
  title  = {The Optimality of Polynomial Regression for Agnostic Learning under Gaussian Marginals},
  author = {Ilias Diakonikolas and Daniel M. Kane and Thanasis Pittas and Nikos Zarifis},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2102.04401},
  year   = {2021}
}