The Online Data Filter for the KM3NeT Neutrino Telescopes
Abstract
The KM3NeT research infrastructure comprises two neutrino telescopes located in the deep waters of the Mediterranean Sea, namely ORCA and ARCA. KM3NeT/ORCA is designed for the measurement of neutrino properties and KM3NeT/ARCA for the detection of high-energy neutrinos from the cosmos. Neutrinos are indirectly detected using three-dimensional arrays of photo-sensors which detect the Cherenkov light that is produced when relativistic charged particles emerge from a neutrino interaction. The analogue pulses from the photo-sensors are digitised offshore and all digital data are sent to a station on shore where they are processed in real time using a farm of commodity servers and custom software. In this paper, the design and performance of the software that is used to filter the data are presented. The performance of the data filter is evaluated in terms of its efficiency, purity and capacity. The efficiency is measured by the effective volumes of the sensor arrays as a function of the energy of the neutrino. The purity is measured by a comparison of the event rate caused by muons produced by cosmic ray interactions in the Earth's atmosphere with the event rate caused by the background from decays of radioactive elements in the sea water and bioluminescence. The capacity is measured by the minimal number of servers that is needed to sustain the rate of incoming data. The results of these evaluations comply with all specifications. The count rates of all photo-sensors are measured with a sampling frequency of 10 Hz. These data are input to the simulations of the detector response and will also be made available for interdisciplinary research.
Keywords
Cite
@article{arxiv.2506.05881,
title = {The Online Data Filter for the KM3NeT Neutrino Telescopes},
author = {O. Adriani and S. Aiello and A. Albert and A. R. Alhebsi and M. Alshamsi and S. Alves Garre and A. Ambrosone and F. Ameli and M. Andre and L. Aphecetche and M. Ardid and S. Ardid and J. Aublin and F. Badaracco and L. Bailly-Salins and Z. Bardacova and B. Baret and A. Bariego-Quintana and Y. Becherini and M. Bendahman and F. Benfenati Gualandi and M. Benhassi and M. Bennani and D. M. Benoit and E. Berbee and E. Berti and V. Bertin and P. Betti and S. Biagi and M. Boettcher and D. Bonanno and S. Bottai and A. B. Bouasla and J. Boumaaza and M. Bouta and M. Bouwhuis and C. Bozza and R. M. Bozza and H. Branzas and F. Bretaudeau and M. Breuhaus and R. Bruijn and J. Brunner and R. Bruno and E. Buis and R. Buompane and J. Busto and B. Caiffi and D. Calvo and A. Capone and F. Carenini and V. Carretero and T. Cartraud and P. Castaldi and V. Cecchini and S. Celli and L. Cerisy and M. Chabab and A. Chen and S. Cherubini and T. Chiarusi and M. Circella and R. Clark and R. Cocimano and J. A. B. Coelho and A. Coleiro and A. Condorelli and R. Coniglione and P. Coyle and A. Creusot and G. Cuttone and R. Dallier and A. De Benedittis and G. De Wasseige and V. Decoene and P. Deguire and I. Del Rosso and L. S. Di Mauro and I. Di Palma and A. F. Diaz and D. Diego-Tortosa and C. Distefano and A. Domi and C. Donzaud and D. Dornic and E. Drakopoulou and D. Drouhin and J. -G. Ducoin and P. Duverne and R. Dvornicky and T. Eberl and E. Eckerova and A. Eddymaoui and T. van Eeden and M. Eff and D. van Eijk and I. El Bojaddaini and S. El Hedri and S. El Mentawi and A. Enzenhofer and G. Ferrara and M. D. Filipovic and F. Filippini and D. Franciotti and L. A. Fusco and T. Gal and J. Garcia Mendez and A. Garcia Soto and C. Gatius Oliver and N. Geiselbrecht and E. Genton and H. Ghaddari and L. Gialanella and B. K. Gibson and E. Giorgio and I. Goos and P. Goswami and S. R. Gozzini and R. Gracia and B. Guillon and C. Haack and H. van Haren and A. Heijboer and L. Hennig and J. J. Hernandez-Rey and A. Idrissi and W. Idrissi Ibnsalih and G. Illuminati and R. Jaimes and O. Janik and D. Joly and M. de Jong and P. de Jong and B. J. Jung and P. Kalaczynski and J. Keegans and V. Kikvadze and G. Kistauri and C. Kopper and A. Kouchner and Y. Y. Kovalev and L. Krupa and V. Kueviakoe and V. Kulikovskiy and R. Kvatadze and M. Labalme and R. Lahmann and M. Lamoureux and G. Larosa and C. Lastoria and J. Lazar and A. Lazo and S. Le Stum and G. Lehaut and V. Lemaitre and E. Leonora and N. Lessing and G. Levi and M. Lindsey Clark and F. Longhitano and F. Magnani and J. Majumdar and L. Malerba and F. Mamedov and A. Manfreda and A. Manousakis and M. Marconi and A. Margiotta and A. Marinelli and C. Markou and L. Martin and M. Mastrodicasa and S. Mastroianni and J. Mauro and K. C. K. Mehta and G. Miele and P. Migliozzi and E. Migneco and M. L. Mitsou and C. M. Mollo and L. Morales-Gallegos and N. Mori and A. Moussa and I. Mozun Mateo and R. Muller and M. R. Musone and M. Musumeci and S. Navas and A. Nayerhoda and C. A. Nicolau and B. Nkosi and B. O Fearraigh and V. Oliviero and A. Orlando and E. Oukacha and L. Pacini and D. Paesani and J. Palacios Gonzalez and G. Papalashvili and P. Papini and V. Parisi and A. Parmar and E. J. Pastor Gomez and C. Pastore and A. M. Paun and G. E. Pavalas and S. Pena Martinez and M. Perrin-Terrin and V. Pestel and M. Petropavlova and P. Piattelli and A. Plavin and C. Poire and T. Pradier and J. Prado and S. Pulvirenti and C. A. Quiroz-Rangel and N. Randazzo and A. Ratnani and S. Razzaque and I. C. Rea and D. Real and G. Riccobene and J. Robinson and A. Romanov and E. Ros and A. Saina and F. Salesa Greus and D. F. E. Samtleben and A. Sanchez Losa and S. Sanfilippo and M. Sanguineti and D. Santonocito and P. Sapienza and M. Scaringella and M. Scarnera and J. Schnabel and J. Schumann and J. Seneca and N. Sennan and P. A. Sevle Myhr and I. Sgura and R. Shanidze and Chengyu Shao and A. Sharma and Y. Shitov and F. Simkovic and A. Simonelli and A. Sinopoulou and B. Spisso and M. Spurio and O. Starodubtsev and D. Stavropoulos and I. Stekl and D. Stocco and M. Taiuti and G. Takadze and Y. Tayalati and H. Thiersen and S. Thoudam and I. Tosta e Melo and B. Trocme and V. Tsourapis and E. Tzamariudaki and A. Ukleja and A. Vacheret and V. Valsecchi and V. Van Elewyck and G. Vannoye and E. Vannuccini and G. Vasileiadis and F. Vazquez de Sola and A. Veutro and S. Viola and D. Vivolo and A. van Vliet and E. de Wolf and I. Lhenry-Yvon and S. Zavatarelli and D. Zito and J. D. Zornoza and J. Zuniga},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2506.05881},
year = {2025}
}
Comments
29 pages, 4 figures