The missing quantum number of the Floquet states
Abstract
We reformulate the Floquet theory for periodically driven quantum systems following a perfect analogy with the proof of Bloch theorem. We observe that the current standard method for calculating the Floquet eigenstates by the quasi-energy alone is incomplete and unstable, and pinpoint an overlooked quantum number, the average energy. This new quantum number resolves many shortcomings of the Floquet method stemming from the quasi-energy degeneracy issues, particularly in the continuum limit. Using the average energy quantum number we get properties similar to those of the static energy, including a unique lower-bounded ordering of the Floquet states, from which we define a ground state, and a variational method for calculating the Floquet states. This is a first step towards reformulating Floquet first-principles methods, that have long been thought to be incompatible due to the limitations of the quasi-energy.
Keywords
Cite
@article{arxiv.2111.04288,
title = {The missing quantum number of the Floquet states},
author = {Cristian M. Le and Ryosuke Akashi and Shinji Tsuneyuki},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2111.04288},
year = {2022}
}