The Electromagnetic Calorimeter for the T2K Near Detector ND280
Abstract
The T2K experiment studies oscillations of an off-axis muon neutrino beam between the J-PARC accelerator complex and the Super-Kamiokande detector. Special emphasis is placed on measuring the mixing angle theta_13 by observing electron neutrino appearance via the sub-dominant muon neutrino to electron neutrino oscillation, and searching for CP violation in the lepton sector. The experiment includes a sophisticated, off-axis, near detector, the ND280, situated 280 m downstream of the neutrino production target in order to measure the properties of the neutrino beam and to understand better neutrino interactions at the energy scale below a few GeV. The data collected with the ND280 are used to study charged- and neutral-current neutrino interaction rates and kinematics prior to oscillation, in order to reduce uncertainties in the oscillation measurements by the far detector. A key element of the near detector is the ND280 electromagnetic calorimeter (ECal), consisting of active scintillator bars sandwiched between lead sheets and read outwith multi-pixel photon counters (MPPCs). The ECal is vital to the reconstruction of neutral particles, and the identification of charged particle species. The ECal surrounds the Pi-0 detector (P0D) and the tracking region of the ND280, and is enclosed in the former UA1/NOMAD dipole magnet. This paper describes the design, construction and assembly of the ECal, as well as the materials from which it is composed. The electronic and data acquisition (DAQ) systems are discussed, and performance of the ECal modules, as deduced from measurements with particle beams, cosmic rays, the calibration system, and T2K data, is described.
Keywords
Cite
@article{arxiv.1308.3445,
title = {The Electromagnetic Calorimeter for the T2K Near Detector ND280},
author = {D. Allan and C. Andreopoulos and C. Angelsen and G. J. Barker and G. Barr and S. Bentham and I. Bertram and S. Boyd and K. Briggs and R. G. Calland and J. Carroll and S. L. Cartwright and A. Carver and C. Chavez and G. Christodoulou and J. Coleman and P. Cooke and G. Davies and C. Densham and F. Di Lodovico and J. Dobson and T. Duboyski and T. Durkin and D. L. Evans and A. Finch and M. Fitton and F. C. Gannaway and A. Grant and N. Grant and S. Grenwood and P. Guzowski and D. Hadley and M. Haigh and P. F. Harrison and A. Hatzikoutelis and T. D. J. Haycock and A. Hyndman and J. Ilic and S. Ives and A. C. Kaboth and V. Kasey and L. Kellet and M. Khaleeq and G. Kogan and L. L. Kormos and M. Lawe and T. B. Lawson and C. Lister and R. P. Litchfield and M. Lockwood and M. Malek and T. Maryon and P. Masliah and K. Mavrokoridis and N. McCauley and I. Mercer and C. Metelko and B. Morgan and J. Morris and A. Muir and M. Murdoch and T. Nicholls and M. Noy and H. M. O'Keeffe and R. A. Owen and D. Payne and G. F. Pearce and J. D. Perkin and E. Poplawska and R. Preece and W. Qian and P. Ratoff and T. Raufer and M. Raymond and M. Reeves and D. Richards and M. Rooney and R. Sacco and S. Sadler and P. Schaack and M. Scott and D. I. Scully and S. Short and M. Siyad and R. Smith and B. Still and P. Sutcliffe and I. J. Taylor and R. Terri and L. F. Thompson and A. Thorley and M. Thorpe and C. Timis and C. Touramanis and M. A. Uchida and Y. Uchida and A. Vacheret and J. F. VanSchalkwyk and O. Veledar and A. V. Waldron and M. A. Ward and G. P. Ward and D. Wark and M. O. Wascko and A. Weber and N. West and L. H. Whitehead and C. Wilkinson and J. R. Wilson},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1308.3445},
year = {2013}
}
Comments
45 pages, 29 PDF figures. This version is accepted for publication in JINST. It includes minor changes as recommended by the referee. In particular, a bit of further information and explanation is added to several sections