English

The Directed Disjoint Paths Problem with Congestion

Discrete Mathematics 2025-07-17 v1 Combinatorics

Abstract

The classic result by Fortune, Hopcroft, and Wyllie [TCS~'80] states that the directed disjoint paths problem is NP-complete even for two pairs of terminals. Extending this well-known result, we show that the directed disjoint paths problem is NP-complete for any constant congestion c1c \geq 1 and~k3c1k \geq 3c-1 pairs of terminals. This refutes a conjecture by Giannopoulou et al. [SODA~'22], which says that the directed disjoint paths problem with congestion two is polynomial-time solvable for any constant number kk of terminal pairs. We then consider the cases that are not covered by this hardness result. The first nontrivial case is c=2c=2 and k=3k = 3. Our second main result is to show that this case is polynomial-time solvable.

Cite

@article{arxiv.2507.12096,
  title  = {The Directed Disjoint Paths Problem with Congestion},
  author = {Matthias Bentert and Dario Cavallaro and Amelie Heindl and Ken-ichi Kawarabayashi and Stephan Kreutzer and Johannes Schröder},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2507.12096},
  year   = {2025}
}
R2 v1 2026-07-01T04:03:57.149Z