English

The diameter of random spanning trees interpolating between the UST and the MST of the complete graph

Probability 2024-11-28 v2 Combinatorics

Abstract

We introduce WSTβn(Kn)\mathsf{WST}^{\beta_n}(K_n) as the weighted spanning tree of the complete graph KnK_n w.r.t. the random electric network of conductances {exp(βnUe)}eE(Kn)\{\exp(-\beta_nU_{e})\}_{e\in E(K_n)} with Unif[0,1]\mathrm{Unif}[0,1] i.i.d. UeU_e's. Moving from βn0\beta_n\equiv 0 to faster and faster growing βn\beta_n's, the model interpolates between the \emph{uniform} and the \emph{minimum} spanning trees: WST0(Kn)=UST(Kn)\mathsf{WST}^0(K_n)=\mathsf{UST}(K_n), and there are phase transitions for WSTβn(Kn)\mathsf{WST}^{\beta_n}(K_n) behaving more and more like MST(Kn)\mathsf{MST}(K_n): - around βn=n3+o(1)\beta_n=n^{3+o(1)} regarding the agreement of the two standard algorithms generating these models : Aldous-Broder and Prim's invasion algorithms, - around βn=n2+o(1)\beta_n=n^{2+o(1)} regarding the models consisting of exactly the same edges, and - around βn=n1+o(1)\beta_n=n^{1+o(1)} regarding the expected total length E[eWSTβn(Kn)Ue]\mathbb{E}\left[\sum_{e\in \mathsf{WST}^{\beta_n}(K_n)}U_e\right]. But most importantly, we study the global geometry of the model: we prove that the typical diameter of WSTβn(Kn)\mathsf{WST}^{\beta_n}(K_n) grows like Θ(n1/3)\Theta(n^{1/3}) for βnn4/3+o(1)\beta_n\ge n^{4/3+o(1)} likewise the MST(Kn)\mathsf{MST}(K_n) case, and it grows like Θ(n1/2)\Theta(n^{1/2}) for βnn1+o(1)\beta_n\le n^{1+o(1)} similarly to the UST(Kn)\mathsf{UST}(K_n) case. For βn=nα\beta_n=n^{\alpha} with 1<α<4/31<\alpha<4/3, the behavior of the typical diameter is a more delicate open question, but we conjecture that its exponent strictly between 1/2 and 1/3.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2410.18269,
  title  = {The diameter of random spanning trees interpolating between the UST and the MST of the complete graph},
  author = {Ágnes Kúsz},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2410.18269},
  year   = {2024}
}

Comments

41 pages, 3 figures, a result about the local limit for some parameters is added to the second version