The CosmoVerse White Paper: Addressing observational tensions in cosmology with systematics and fundamental physics
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
2025-08-26 v3 General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract
The standard model of cosmology has provided a good phenomenological description of a wide range of observations both at astrophysical and cosmological scales for several decades. This concordance model is constructed by a universal cosmological constant and supported by a matter sector described by the standard model of particle physics and a cold dark matter contribution, as well as very early-time inflationary physics, and underpinned by gravitation through general relativity. There have always been open questions about the soundness of the foundations of the standard model. However, recent years have shown that there may also be questions from the observational sector with the emergence of differences between certain cosmological probes. In this White Paper, we identify the key objectives that need to be addressed over the coming decade together with the core science projects that aim to meet these challenges. These discordances primarily rest on the divergence in the measurement of core cosmological parameters with varying levels of statistical confidence. These possible statistical tensions may be partially accounted for by systematics in various measurements or cosmological probes but there is also a growing indication of potential new physics beyond the standard model. After reviewing the principal probes used in the measurement of cosmological parameters, as well as potential systematics, we discuss the most promising array of potential new physics that may be observable in upcoming surveys. We also discuss the growing set of novel data analysis approaches that go beyond traditional methods to test physical models. [Abridged]
Cite
@article{arxiv.2504.01669,
title = {The CosmoVerse White Paper: Addressing observational tensions in cosmology with systematics and fundamental physics},
author = {Eleonora Di Valentino and Jackson Levi Said and Adam Riess and Agnieszka Pollo and Vivian Poulin and Adrià Gómez-Valent and Amanda Weltman and Antonella Palmese and Caroline D. Huang and Carsten van de Bruck and Chandra Shekhar Saraf and Cheng-Yu Kuo and Cora Uhlemann and Daniela Grandón and Dante Paz and Dominique Eckert and Elsa M. Teixeira and Emmanuel N. Saridakis and Eoin Ó Colgáin and Florian Beutler and Florian Niedermann and Francesco Bajardi and Gabriela Barenboim and Giulia Gubitosi and Ilaria Musella and Indranil Banik and Istvan Szapudi and Jack Singal and Jaume Haro Cases and Jens Chluba and Jesús Torrado and Jurgen Mifsud and Karsten Jedamzik and Khaled Said and Konstantinos Dialektopoulos and Laura Herold and Leandros Perivolaropoulos and Lei Zu and Lluís Galbany and Louise Breuval and Luca Visinelli and Luis A. Escamilla and Luis A. Anchordoqui and M. M. Sheikh-Jabbari and Margherita Lembo and Maria Giovanna Dainotti and Maria Vincenzi and Marika Asgari and Martina Gerbino and Matteo Forconi and Michele Cantiello and Michele Moresco and Micol Benetti and Nils Schöneberg and Özgür Akarsu and Rafael C. Nunes and Reginald Christian Bernardo and Ricardo Chávez and Richard I. Anderson and Richard Watkins and Salvatore Capozziello and Siyang Li and Sunny Vagnozzi and Supriya Pan and Tommaso Treu and Vid Irsic and Will Handley and William Giarè and Yukei Murakami and Adèle Poudou and Alan Heavens and Alan Kogut and Alba Domi and Aleksander Łukasz Lenart and Alessandro Melchiorri and Alessandro Vadalà and Alexandra Amon and Alexander Bonilla and Alexander Reeves and Alexander Zhuk and Alfio Bonanno and Ali Övgün and Alice Pisani and Alireza Talebian and Amare Abebe and Amin Aboubrahim and Ana Luisa González Morán and András Kovács and Andreas Papatriantafyllou and Andrew R. Liddle and Andreas Lymperis and Andronikos Paliathanasis and Andrzej Borowiec and Anil Kumar Yadav and Anita Yadav and Anjan Ananda Sen and Anjitha John William Mini Latha and Anne Christine Davis and Anowar J. Shajib and Anthony Walters and Anto Idicherian Lonappan and Anton Chudaykin and Antonio Capodagli and Antonio da Silva and Antonio De Felice and Antonio Racioppi and Araceli Soler Oficial and Ariadna Montiel and Arianna Favale and Armando Bernui and Arrianne Crystal Velasco and Asta Heinesen and Athanasios Bakopoulos and Athanasios Chatzistavrakidis and Bahman Khanpour and Bangalore S. Sathyaprakash and Bartek Zgirski and Benjamin L'Huillier and Benoit Famaey and Bhuvnesh Jain and Biesiada Marek and Bing Zhang and Biswajit Karmakar and Branko Dragovich and Brooks Thomas and Carlos Correa and Carlos G. Boiza and Catarina Marques and Celia Escamilla-Rivera and Charalampos Tzerefos and Chi Zhang and Chiara De Leo and Christian Pfeifer and Christine Lee and Christo Venter and Cláudio Gomes and Clecio Roque De bom and Cristian Moreno-Pulido and Damianos Iosifidis and Dan Grin and Daniel Blixt and Dan Scolnic and Daniele Oriti and Daria Dobrycheva and Dario Bettoni and David Benisty and David Fernández-Arenas and David L. Wiltshire and David Sanchez Cid and David Tamayo and David Valls-Gabaud and Davide Pedrotti and Deng Wang and Denitsa Staicova and Despoina Totolou and Diego Rubiera-Garcia and Dinko Milaković and Dom Pesce and Dominique Sluse and Duško Borka and Ebrahim Yusofi and Elena Giusarma and Elena Terlevich and Elena Tomasetti and Elias C. Vagenas and Elisa Fazzari and Elisa G. M. Ferreira and Elvis Barakovic and Emanuela Dimastrogiovanni and Emil Brinch Holm and Emil Mottola and Emre Özülker and Enrico Specogna and Enzo Brocato and Erik Jensko and Erika Antonette Enriquez and Esha Bhatia and Fabio Bresolin and Felipe Avila and Filippo Bouchè and Flavio Bombacigno and Fotios K. Anagnostopoulos and Francesco Pace and Francesco Sorrenti and Francisco S. N. Lobo and Frédéric Courbin and Frode K. Hansen and Greg Sloan and Gabriel Farrugia and Gabriel Lynch and Gabriela Garcia-Arroyo and Gabriella Raimondo and Gaetano Lambiase and Gagandeep S. Anand and Gaspard Poulot and Genly Leon and Gerasimos Kouniatalis and Germano Nardini and Géza Csörnyei and Giacomo Galloni and Giada Bargiacchi and Giannis Papagiannopoulos and Giovanni Montani and Giovanni Otalora and Giulia De Somma and Giuliana Fiorentino and Giuseppe Fanizza and Giuseppe Gaetano Luciano and Giuseppe Sarracino and Gonzalo J. Olmo and Goran S. Djordjević and Guadalupe Cañas-Herrera and Hanyu Cheng and Harry Desmond and Hassan Abdalla and Houzun Chen and Hsu-Wen Chiang and Hume A. Feldman and Hussain Gohar and Ido Ben-Dayan and Ignacio Sevilla-Noarbe and Ignatios Antoniadis and Ilim Cimdiker and Inês S. Albuquerque and Ioannis D. Gialamas and Ippocratis Saltas and Iryna Vavilova and Isidro Gómez-Vargas and Ismael Ayuso and Ismailov Nariman Zeynalabdi and Ivan De Martino and Ivonne Zavala and J. Alberto Vázquez and Jacobo Asorey and Janusz Gluza and Javier Rubio and Jenny G. Sorce and Jenny Wagner and Jeremy Sakstein and Jessica Santiago and Jim Braatz and Joan Solà Peracaula and John Blakeslee and John Webb and Jose A. R. Cembranos and José Pedro Mimoso and Joseph Jensen and Juan García-Bellido and Judit Prat and Kathleen Sammut and Kay Lehnert and Keith R. Dienes and Kishan Deka and Konrad Kuijken and Krishna Naidoo and László Árpád Gergely and Laur Järv and Laura Mersini-Houghton and Leila L. Graef and Léo Vacher and Levon Pogosian and Lilia Anguelova and Lindita Hamolli and Lu Yin and Luca Caloni and Luca Izzo and Lucas Macri and Luis E. Padilla and Luz Ángela García and Maciej Bilicki and Mahdi Najafi and Manolis Plionis and Manuel Gonzalez-Espinoza and Manuel Hohmann and Marcel A. van der Westhuizen and Marcella Marconi and Marcin Postolak and Marco de Cesare and Marco Regis and Marek Biesiada and Maret Einasto and Margus Saal and Maria Caruana and Maria Petronikolou and Mariam Bouhmadi-López and Mariana Melo and Mariaveronica De Angelis and Marie-Noëlle Célérier and Marina Cortês and Mark Reid and Markus Michael Rau and Martin S. Sloth and Martti Raidal and Masahiro Takada and Masoume Reyhani and Massimiliano Romanello and Massimo Marengo and Mathias Garny and Matías Leizerovich and Matteo Martinelli and Matteo Tagliazucchi and Mehmet Demirci and Miguel A. S. Pinto and Miguel A. Sabogal and Miguel A. García-Aspeitia and Milan Milošević and Mina Ghodsi and Mustapha Ishak and Nelson J. Nunes and Nick Samaras and Nico Hamaus and Nico Schuster and Nicola Borghi and Nicola Deiosso and Nicola Tamanini and Nicolao Fornengo and Nihan Katırcı and Nikolaos E. Mavromatos and Nicholas Petropoulos and Nikolina Šarčević and Nils A. Nilsson and Noemi Frusciante and Octavian Postavaru and Oem Trivedi and Oleksii Sokoliuk and Olga Mena and Paloma Morilla and Paolo Campeti and Paolo Salucci and Paula Boubel and Paweł Bielewicz and Pekka Heinämäki and Petar Suman and Petros Asimakis and Pierros Ntelis and Pilar Ruiz-Lapuente and Pran Nath and Predrag Jovanović and Purba Mukherjee and Radosław Wojtak and Rafaela Gsponer and Rafid H. Dejrah and Rahul Shah and Rasmi Hajjar and Rebecca Briffa and Rebecca Habas and Reggie C. Pantig and Renier Mendoza and Riccardo Della Monica and Richard Stiskalek and Rishav Roshan and Rita B. Neves and Roberto Molinaro and Roberto Terlevich and Rocco D'Agostino and Rodrigo Sandoval-Orozco and Ronaldo C. Batista and Ruchika Kaushik and Ruth Lazkoz and Saeed Rastgoo and Sahar Mohammadi and Salvatore Samuele Sirletti and Sandeep Haridasu and Sanjay Mandal and Saurya Das and Sebastian Bahamonde and Sebastian Grandis and Sebastian Trojanowski and Sergei D. Odintsov and Sergij Mazurenko and Shahab Joudaki and Sherry H. Suyu and Shouvik Roy Choudhury and Shruti Bhatporia and Shun-Sheng Li and Simeon Bird and Simon Birrer and Simone Paradiso and Simony Santos da Costa and Sofia Contarini and Sophie Henrot-Versillé and Spyros Basilakos and Stefano Casertano and Stefano Gariazzo and Stylianos A. Tsilioukas and Surajit Kalita and Suresh Kumar and Susana J. Landau and Sveva Castello and Swayamtrupta Panda and Tanja Petrushevska and Thanasis Karakasis and Thejs Brinckmann and Tiago B. Gonçalves and Tiziano Schiavone and Tom Abel and Tomi Koivisto and Torsten Bringmann and Umut Demirbozan and Utkarsh Kumar and Valerio Marra and Maurice H. P. M. van Putten and Vasileios Kalaitzidis and Vasiliki A. Mitsou and Vasilios Zarikas and Vedad Pasic and Venus Keus and Verónica Motta and Vesna Borka Jovanović and Víctor H. Cárdenas and Vincenzo Ripepi and Vincenzo Salzano and Violetta Impellizzeri and Vitor da Fonseca and Vittorio Ghirardini and Vladas Vansevičius and Weiqiang Yang and Wojciech Hellwing and Xin Ren and Yu-Min Hu and Yuejia Zhai and Abdul Malik Sultan and Adrienn Pataki and Alessandro Santoni and Aliya Batool and Aneta Wojnar and Arman Tursunov and Avik De and Ayush Hazarika and Baojiu Li and Benjamin Bose and Bivudutta Mishra and Bobomurat Ahmedov and Chandra Shekhar Saraf and Claudia Scóccola and Crescenzo Tortora and D'Arcy Kenworthy and Daniel E. Holz and David F. Mota and David S. Pereira and Devon M. Williams and Dillon Brout and Dong Ha Lee and Eduardo Guendelman and Edward Olex and Emanuelly Silva and Emre Onur Kahya and Enzo Brocato and Eva-Maria Mueller and Felipe Andrade-Oliveira and Feven Markos Hunde and F. R. Joaquim and Florian Pacaud and Francis-Yan Cyr-Racine and Pozo Nuñez and F. Gábor Rácz and Gene Carlo Belinario and Geraint F. Lewis and Gergely Dálya and Giorgio Laverda and Guido Risaliti and Guillermo Franco-Abellán and Hayden Zammit and Hayley Camilleri and Helene M. Courtois and Hooman Moradpour and Igor de Oliveira Cardoso Pedreira and Ilí dio Lopes and István Csabai and James W. Rohlf and J. Bogdanoska and Javier de Cruz Pérez and Joan Bachs-Esteban and Joseph Sultana and Julien Lesgourgues and Jun-Qian Jiang and Karem Peñaló Castillo and Kimet Jusufi and Lavinia Heisenberg and Laxmipriya Pati and Léon V. E. Koopmans and Lokesh kumar Duchaniya and Lucas Lombriser and Mahdieh Gol Bashmani Moghadam and María Pérez Garrote and Mariano Domínguez and Marine Samsonyan and Mark Pace and Martin Krššák and Masroor C. Pookkillath and Matteo Peronaci and Matteo Piani and Matthildi Raftogianni and Meet J. Vyas and Melina Michalopoulou and Merab Gogberashvili and Michael Klasen and Michele Cicoli and Michele Moresco and Miguel Quartin and Miguel Zumalacárregui and Milan S. Dimitrijević and Milos Dordevic and Mindaugas Karčiauskas and Morgan Le Delliou and Nastassia Grimm and Nicolás Augusto Kozameh and Nicoleta Voicu and Nicolina Pop and Nikos Chatzifotis and Oliver Fabio Piattella and Paula Boubel and Pedro da Silveira Ferreira and Péter Raffai and Peter Schupp and Pierros Ntelis and Pradyumn Kumar Sahoo and Roberto V. Maluf and Ruth Durrer and S. A. Kadam and Sabino Matarrese and Samuel Brieden and Santiago González-Gaitán and Santosh V. Lohakare and Scott Watson and Shao-Jiang Wang and Simão Marques Nunes and Soumya Chakrabarti and Suvodip Mukherjee and Tajron Jurić and Tessa Baker and Theodoros Nakas and Tiago Barreiro and Upala Mukhopadhyay and Veljko Vujčić and Violetta Sagun and Vladimir A. Srećković and Wangzheng Zhang and Yo Toda and Yun-Song Piao and Zahra Davari},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2504.01669},
year = {2025}
}
Comments
416 pages, 81 figures