English

The cosmological constant as a boundary term

High Energy Physics - Theory 2022-10-28 v3 General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology High Energy Physics - Phenomenology

Abstract

We compare the path integral for transition functions in unimodular gravity and in general relativity. In unimodular gravity the cosmological constant is a property of states that are specified at the boundaries whereas in general relativity the cosmological constant is a parameter of the action. Unimodular gravity with a nondynamical background spacetime volume element has a time variable that is canonically conjugate to the cosmological constant. Wave functions depend on time and satisfy a Schr\"odinger equation. On the contrary, in the covariant version of unimodular gravity with a 3-form gauge field, proposed by Henneaux and Teitelboim, wave functions are time independent and satisfy a Wheeler-DeWitt equation, as in general relativity. The 3-form gauge field integrated over spacelike hypersurfaces becomes a "cosmic time" only in the semiclassical approximation. In unimodular gravity the smallness of the observed cosmological constant has to be explained as a property of the initial state.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2203.15714,
  title  = {The cosmological constant as a boundary term},
  author = {Wilfried Buchmuller and Norbert Dragon},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2203.15714},
  year   = {2022}
}

Comments

22 pages, minor corrections, agrees with published version

R2 v1 2026-06-24T10:30:33.455Z