The Collatz function as an automorphic Cayley colour graph:decidability of $an+b$ conjectures, proof of the $3n + 1$ conjecture
Abstract
The Collatz conjecture states that repeated steps of at odd numbers and at even numbers amount to walks over root paths to the branching number in the `trivial' cyclic root of one connected Collatz graph. The Collatz graph with reverse arrows and can be transformed to a 3-regular automorphic Cayley color graph with as nodes the branching numbers with a remainder of or when divided by , building the congruence classes . Labeling the breadth-first ordered root paths with binary numbers on the binary number line, for , and pairing them with the output numbers of these root paths, gives paired numbers. The 3-regular Cayley graph of these paired branching numbers can be transformed to a 4-regular Middle Pages graph. This 4-regular graph offers to all paired branching numbers from the congruence classes a unique Eulerian tour to and from the trivial root number pair {0,c=4}. This proves Collatz's conjecture. Whether a specific conjecture offers a Eulerian tour to all its paired branching numbers can be decided by whether it offers such a tour to paired branching numbers lower than .
Keywords
Cite
@article{arxiv.2008.13643,
title = {The Collatz function as an automorphic Cayley colour graph:decidability of $an+b$ conjectures, proof of the $3n + 1$ conjecture},
author = {Jan Kleinnijenhuis and Alissa M. Kleinnijenhuis and Mustafa G. Aydogan},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2008.13643},
year = {2024}
}
Comments
Eulerian tours in 4-regular middle pages graph of all branching numbers now supports periodic density proof of the Collatz Conjecture on 3-regular graph (v1 31 Aug 2000). They also prove the decidability of an+b conjectures