English

The Anti-Ouroboros Effect: Emergent Resilience in Large Language Models from Recursive Selective Feedback

Machine Learning 2025-09-16 v1 Artificial Intelligence

Abstract

The stability of recursively trained large language models (LLMs) is a foundational problem for AI safety. Prevailing theory predicts model collapse, a progressive degradation when models are trained on their own output. We challenge this narrative by introducing a selective feedback mechanism. Contrary to expectation, instead of merely slowing decay, our experiments provide strong evidence that this pressure reverses it, inducing a statistically significant performance improvement in a Gemma 2B model on a complex summarization task. We name this phenomenon the Anti-Ouroboros Effect. We contrast this with a foundational experiment using a simple classifier, where the theoretical degenerative loop was validated, highlighting the unique dynamics of high-dimensional models. Our findings establish that systemic resilience can be an emergent property of LLMs under simple selection pressure, suggesting a powerful and scalable principle for developing safer and more robust AI systems. Across five generations, a quality-filtered condition improved by 6.6% in ROUGE-L F1 score, whereas an unfiltered control degraded by 3.5% and a random-filter control degraded by 4.2%

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2509.10509,
  title  = {The Anti-Ouroboros Effect: Emergent Resilience in Large Language Models from Recursive Selective Feedback},
  author = {Sai Teja Reddy Adapala},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2509.10509},
  year   = {2025}
}

Comments

5 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables. Code is available at: https://github.com/imsaitejareddy/ouroboros-effect-experiment

R2 v1 2026-07-01T05:33:59.453Z