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Ternary universal sums of generalized polygonal numbers

Number Theory 2021-02-10 v2

Abstract

An integer of the form pm(x)=(m2)x2(m4)x2 (m3)p_m(x)= \frac{(m-2)x^2-(m-4)x}{2} \ (m\ge 3), for some integer xx is called a generalized polygonal number of order mm. A ternary sum Φi,j,ka,b,c(x,y,z)=api+2(x)+bpj+2(y)+cpk+2(z)\Phi_{i,j,k}^{a,b,c}(x,y,z)=ap_{i+2}(x)+bp_{j+2}(y)+cp_{k+2}(z) of generalized polygonal numbers, for some positive integers a,b,ca,b,c and some integers 1ijk1\leq i\leq j \leq k, is said to be universal over Z\mathbb{Z} if the equation Φi,j,ka,b,c(x,y,z)=n\Phi_{i,j,k}^{a,b,c}(x,y,z)=n has an integer solution x,y,zx,y,z for any nonnegative integer nn. In this article, we prove the universalities of 1717 ternary sums of generalized polygonal numbers, which was conjectured by Sun.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.1612.01157,
  title  = {Ternary universal sums of generalized polygonal numbers},
  author = {Jangwon Ju and Byeong-Kweon Oh and Bangnam Seo},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1612.01157},
  year   = {2021}
}

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20 pages