English

Temporal Label Smoothing for Early Event Prediction

Machine Learning 2023-01-31 v2

Abstract

Models that can predict the occurrence of events ahead of time with low false-alarm rates are critical to the acceptance of decision support systems in the medical community. This challenging task is typically treated as a simple binary classification, ignoring temporal dependencies between samples, whereas we propose to exploit this structure. We first introduce a common theoretical framework unifying dynamic survival analysis and early event prediction. Following an analysis of objectives from both fields, we propose Temporal Label Smoothing (TLS), a simpler, yet best-performing method that preserves prediction monotonicity over time. By focusing the objective on areas with a stronger predictive signal, TLS improves performance over all baselines on two large-scale benchmark tasks. Gains are particularly notable along clinically relevant measures, such as event recall at low false-alarm rates. TLS reduces the number of missed events by up to a factor of two over previously used approaches in early event prediction.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2208.13764,
  title  = {Temporal Label Smoothing for Early Event Prediction},
  author = {Hugo Yèche and Alizée Pace and Gunnar Rätsch and Rita Kuznetsova},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2208.13764},
  year   = {2023}
}
R2 v1 2026-06-25T02:03:56.114Z