English

Symmetry Nonrestoration in the Pati-Salam Model

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology 2026-01-22 v1 General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology High Energy Physics - Theory

Abstract

We demonstrate that symmetry need not be restored in the Pati-Salam model, so that SU(2)LSU(2)RSU(4)cSU(2)_L\otimes SU(2)_R\otimes SU(4)_c remains broken to the Standard Model group at temperatures above the Pati-Salam symmetry breaking scale. Including the leading finite-temperature corrections, suitable quartic couplings prevent a restoration transition, thereby avoiding the thermal production of 't Hooft-Polyakov monopoles after inflation, even if the reheating temperature is very high. This removes monopole-based constraints on the Pati-Salam symmetry breaking scale.

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Cite

@article{arxiv.2601.14580,
  title  = {Symmetry Nonrestoration in the Pati-Salam Model},
  author = {N. Okada and A. Stern},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2601.14580},
  year   = {2026}
}

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11 pages