Symmetry Nonrestoration in the Pati-Salam Model
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
2026-01-22 v1 General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
High Energy Physics - Theory
Abstract
We demonstrate that symmetry need not be restored in the Pati-Salam model, so that remains broken to the Standard Model group at temperatures above the Pati-Salam symmetry breaking scale. Including the leading finite-temperature corrections, suitable quartic couplings prevent a restoration transition, thereby avoiding the thermal production of 't Hooft-Polyakov monopoles after inflation, even if the reheating temperature is very high. This removes monopole-based constraints on the Pati-Salam symmetry breaking scale.
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Cite
@article{arxiv.2601.14580,
title = {Symmetry Nonrestoration in the Pati-Salam Model},
author = {N. Okada and A. Stern},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2601.14580},
year = {2026}
}
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11 pages