Symmetry breaking, Josephson oscillation and self-trapping in a self-bound three-dimensional quantum ball
Abstract
We study spontaneous symmetry breaking (SSB), Josephson oscillation, and self-trapping in a stable, mobile, three-dimensional matter-wave spherical quantum ball self-bound by attractive two-body and repulsive three-body interactions. The SSB is realized by a parity-symmetric (a) one-dimensional (1D) double-well potential and (b) a 1D Gaussian potential, both along the axis and no potential along the and axes. In the presence of each of these potentials, the symmetric ground state dynamically evolves into a doubly-degenerate SSB ground state. If the SSB ground state in the double well, predominantly located in the first well (), is given a small displacement, the quantum ball oscillates with a self-trapping in the first well. For a medium displacement one encounters an asymmetric Josephson oscillation. The asymmetric oscillation is a consequence of SSB. The study is performed by a variational and numerical solution of a non-linear mean-field model with 1D parity-symmetric perturbations.
Keywords
Cite
@article{arxiv.1709.03848,
title = {Symmetry breaking, Josephson oscillation and self-trapping in a self-bound three-dimensional quantum ball},
author = {S. K. Adhikari},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1709.03848},
year = {2017}
}