SYK thermal expectations are classically easy at any temperature
Abstract
Estimating thermal expectations of local observables is a natural target for quantum advantage. We give a simple classical algorithm that approximates thermal expectations for Gibbs states of local Hamiltonians, and we show it has quasi-polynomial cost for all temperatures above a phase transition in the free energy. For many natural models, this coincides with the entire fast-mixing, quantumly easy phase. Our results apply to the Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev (SYK) model at any constant temperature due to its absence of a phase transition -- despite its entanglement, sign problem, and polynomial quantum circuit lower bounds. Beyond SYK, we rigorously establish a universal classically easy high-temperature phase for all local, bounded-degree Hamiltonians and show that it extends to temperatures strictly colder than the death of entanglement transition.
Cite
@article{arxiv.2602.22619,
title = {SYK thermal expectations are classically easy at any temperature},
author = {Alexander Zlokapa and Bobak T. Kiani},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2602.22619},
year = {2026}
}
Comments
8 pages, 3 figures; 36 pages of supplemental material. Added new theorem in main text in v2