English

Surface wakes on ultra-soft solids

Soft Condensed Matter 2025-11-27 v2 Classical Physics Fluid Dynamics

Abstract

We explore the dynamical response of the free surface of an ultra-soft solid driven by a localized moving pressure disturbance. Experiments reveal a steady V-shaped wake analogous to a surface Mach wedge. A simple geometric argument provides a qualitative explanation consistent with observations. A theoretical framework combining elastodynamic, capillary, and gravitational effects yields a generalized dispersion relation that smoothly interpolates between Kelvin's theory of liquid interface wakes and Rayleigh's theory of elastic surface waves. Together, our experiments and theory reveal the existence of a soft wake regime that bridges fluid and solid surface wave physics, offering new routes for probing the dynamics of soft surfaces.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2511.03123,
  title  = {Surface wakes on ultra-soft solids},
  author = {Aditi Chakrabarti and Divya Jaganathan and Robert Haussman and L. Mahadevan},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2511.03123},
  year   = {2025}
}

Comments

Figure 2 replaced with a better quality one

R2 v1 2026-07-01T07:22:16.136Z