The spatially uniform electronic density characteristic of a metal can become unstable at low temperatures, leading to the formation of charge density waves (CDWs). These CDWs, observed in dichalcogenides, cuprates, and pnictides arise from features in the atomic lattice and its interaction with the electronic band structure that facilitate charge ordering. However, CDWs are rarely observed in presence of Kondo screening and heavy fermion quasiparticles. The heavy fermion topological superconductor candidate UTe2 presents a notable exception, exhibiting a CDW whose origin remains elusive. Here we report high resolution Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM) experiments that reveal the primitive wavevectors of the CDW in UTe2. This allows for a refined identification of the nesting wavevectors in the electronic bandstructure. Although these wavevectors have no specific influence on the bulk properties, for example on antiferromagnetic fluctuations, they cause the interactions leading to the CDW at the surface. The heavy fermion hybridization pattern is spatially modulated specifically at the nesting wavevectors, suggesting that surface induced modifications in the U 5f electron valence enable a novel form of purely electron-driven charge ordering.
@article{arxiv.2504.12505,
title = {Surface charge density wave in UTe2},
author = {Pablo García Talavera and Miguel Águeda Velasco and Makoto Shimizu and Beilun Wu and Óscar Bou Marqués and Georg Knebel and Midori Amano Patino and Gerard Lapertot and Jacques Flouquet and Jean Pascal Brison and Dai Aoki and Youichi Yanase and Edwin Herrera and Isabel Guillamón and Hermann Suderow},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2504.12505},
year = {2026}
}