English

Superimposing theta structure on a generalized modular relation

Number Theory 2020-05-19 v1 Classical Analysis and ODEs

Abstract

A generalized modular relation of the form F(z,w,α)=F(z,iw,β)F(z, w, \alpha)=F(z, iw,\beta), where αβ=1\alpha\beta=1 and i=1i=\sqrt{-1}, is obtained in the course of evaluating an integral involving the Riemann Ξ\Xi-function. It is a two-variable generalization of a transformation found on page 220220 of Ramanujan's Lost Notebook. This modular relation involves a surprising generalization of the Hurwitz zeta function ζ(s,a)\zeta(s, a), which we denote by ζw(s,a)\zeta_w(s, a). While ζw(s,1)\zeta_w(s, 1) is essentially a product of confluent hypergeometric function and the Riemann zeta function, ζw(s,a)\zeta_w(s, a) for 0<a<10<a<1 is an interesting new special function. We show that ζw(s,a)\zeta_w(s, a) satisfies a beautiful theory generalizing that of ζ(s,a)\zeta(s, a) albeit the properties of ζw(s,a)\zeta_w(s, a) are much harder to derive than those of ζ(s,a)\zeta(s, a). In particular, it is shown that for 0<a<10<a<1 and wCw\in\mathbb{C}, ζw(s,a)\zeta_w(s, a) can be analytically continued to Re(s)>1(s)>-1 except for a simple pole at s=1s=1. This is done by obtaining a generalization of Hermite's formula in the context of ζw(s,a)\zeta_w(s, a). The theory of functions reciprocal in the kernel sin(πz)J2z(2xt)cos(πz)L2z(2xt)\sin(\pi z) J_{2 z}(2 \sqrt{xt}) -\cos(\pi z) L_{2 z}(2 \sqrt{xt}), where Lz(x)=2πKz(x)Yz(x)L_{z}(x)=-\frac{2}{\pi}K_{z}(x)-Y_{z}(x) and Jz(x),Yz(x)J_{z}(x), Y_{z}(x) and Kz(x)K_{z}(x) are the Bessel functions, is worked out. So is the theory of a new generalization of Kz(x)K_{z}(x), namely, 1Kz,w(x){}_1K_{z,w}(x). Both these theories as well as that of ζw(s,a)\zeta_w(s, a) are essential to obtain the generalized modular relation.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2005.08316,
  title  = {Superimposing theta structure on a generalized modular relation},
  author = {Atul Dixit and Rahul Kumar},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2005.08316},
  year   = {2020}
}

Comments

78 pages, submitted for publication. Comments are welcome

R2 v1 2026-06-23T15:36:28.946Z