Study of Rota-Baxter Operators in Matrix $C^*$-Algebras Motivated by Toeplitz Structures, and Applications to Sliding Mode Control

This paper studies Rota-Baxter operators on the matrix $C^*$-algebra $M_n(\mathbb{C})$, motivated by the discrete Toeplitz algebra (whose role is purely heuristic; see Remark~\ref{rem:toeplitz_scope}). We provide a structural classification of such operators compatible with the $C^*$-norm, analyze their induced Lie brackets, and apply them to deform system matrices in discrete-time delayed systems under sliding mode control. Lyapunov-based Bilinear Matrix Inequality conditions, together with a tractable linear reformulation via $Q=X^{-1}$, guarantee asymptotic stability on the sliding manifold and $\mathcal{L}_2$-gain stability. The effective gain from uncertainty $\delta$ to state $x$ is $\gamma/\sqrt{\mu}$ with $\mu=\lambda_{\min}(-\mathcal{M})>0$ determined \emph{a posteriori}; minimizing $\gamma$ alone does not minimize this bound, which holds under zero extended initial conditions ($V_0=0$). We work under the standing assumption $m=n$ (square actuation); a supplementary non-degenerate example with $m=1$, $n=2$ illustrates LMI feasibility with $\Pi\neq0$. All algebraic results are proved directly in $M_n(\mathbb{C})$; no infinite-dimensional reduction is used.