English

State-dependence of CO2 Forcing and its Implications for Climate Sensitivity

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics 2022-10-25 v1

Abstract

When evaluating the effect of CO2 changes on the earth's climate, it is widely assumed that instantaneous radiative forcing from a doubling of a given CO2 concentration (IRF2xCO2) is constant and that variances in climate sensitivity arise from differences in radiative feedbacks, or a dependence of these feedbacks on the climatological base-state. In this paper, we show that the IRF2xCO2 is not constant, but also depends on the climatological base-state, increasing by ~25% for every doubling of CO2, and has increased by ~10% since the pre-industrial era primarily due to stratospheric cooling, implying a proportionate increase in climate sensitivity. This base-state dependence also explains about half of the inter-model spread in IRF2xCO2, a problem that has persisted among climate models for nearly three decades.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2210.12244,
  title  = {State-dependence of CO2 Forcing and its Implications for Climate Sensitivity},
  author = {Haozhe He and Ryan J. Kramer and Brian J. Soden and Nadir Jeevanjee},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2210.12244},
  year   = {2022}
}

Comments

17 pages, 4 figures

R2 v1 2026-06-28T04:13:18.181Z