Squeezing the quantum noise of a gravitational-wave detector below the standard quantum limit
General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
2024-10-18 v3 Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Instrumentation and Detectors
Quantum Physics
Abstract
Precision measurements of space and time, like those made by the detectors of the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO), are often confronted with fundamental limitations imposed by quantum mechanics. The Heisenberg uncertainty principle dictates that the position and momentum of an object cannot both be precisely measured, giving rise to an apparent limitation called the Standard Quantum Limit (SQL). Reducing quantum noise below the SQL in gravitational-wave detectors, where photons are used to continuously measure the positions of freely falling mirrors, has been an active area of research for decades. Here we show how the LIGO A+ upgrade reduced the detectors' quantum noise below the SQL by up to 3 dB while achieving a broadband sensitivity improvement, more than two decades after this possibility was first presented.
Cite
@article{arxiv.2404.14569,
title = {Squeezing the quantum noise of a gravitational-wave detector below the standard quantum limit},
author = {Wenxuan Jia and Victoria Xu and Kevin Kuns and Masayuki Nakano and Lisa Barsotti and Matthew Evans and Nergis Mavalvala and Rich Abbott and Ibrahim Abouelfettouh and Rana Adhikari and Alena Ananyeva and Stephen Appert and Koji Arai and Naoki Aritomi and Stuart Aston and Matthew Ball and Stefan Ballmer and David Barker and Beverly Berger and Joseph Betzwieser and Dripta Bhattacharjee and Garilynn Billingsley and Nina Bode and Edgard Bonilla and Vladimir Bossilkov and Adam Branch and Aidan Brooks and Daniel Brown and John Bryant and Craig Cahillane and Huy-tuong Cao and Elenna Capote and Yanbei Chen and Filiberto Clara and Josh Collins and Camilla Compton and Robert Cottingham and Dennis Coyne and Ryan Crouch and Janos Csizmazia and Torrey Cullen and Louis Dartez and Nicholas Demos and Ezekiel Dohmen and Jenne Driggers and Sheila Dwyer and Anamaria Effler and Aldo Ejlli and Todd Etzel and Jon Feicht and Raymond Frey and William Frischhertz and Peter Fritschel and Valery Frolov and Paul Fulda and Michael Fyffe and Dhruva Ganapathy and Bubba Gateley and Joe Giaime and Dwayne Giardina and Jane Glanzer and Evan Goetz and Aaron Jones and Slawomir Gras and Corey Gray and Don Griffith and Hartmut Grote and Tyler Guidry and Evan Hall and Jonathan Hanks and Joe Hanson and Matthew Heintze and Adrian Helmling-cornell and Hsiang-yu Huang and Yuki Inoue and Alasdair James and Austin Jennings and Srinath Karat and Marie Kasprzack and Keita Kawabe and Nutsinee Kijbunchoo and Jeffrey Kissel and Antonios Kontos and Rahul Kumar and Michael Landry and Brian Lantz and Michael Laxen and Kyung-ha Lee and Madeline Lesovsky and Francisco Llamas and Marc Lormand and Hudsonalexander Loughlin and Ronaldas Macas and Myron Macinnis and Camille Makarem and Benjaminrobert Mannix and Georgia Mansell and Rodica Martin and Nyath Maxwell and Garrett Mccarrol and Richard Mccarthy and David Mcclelland and Scott Mccormick and Lee Mcculler and Terry Mcrae and Fernando Mera and Edmond Merilh and Fabian Meylahn and Richard Mittleman and Dan Moraru and Gerardo Moreno and Matthew Mould and Adam Mullavey and Timothy Nelson and Ansel Neunzert and Jason Oberling and Timothy Ohanlon and Charles Osthelder and David Ottaway and Harry Overmier and William Parker and Arnaud Pele and Huyen Pham and Marc Pirello and Volker Quetschke and Karla Ramirez and Jonathan Reyes and Jonathan Richardson and Mitchell Robinson and Jameson Rollins and Janeen Romie and Michael Ross and Travis Sadecki and Anthony Sanchez and Eduardo Sanchez and Luis Sanchez and Richard Savage and Dean Schaetzl and Mitchell Schiworski and Roman Schnabel and Robert Schofield and Eyal Schwartz and Danny Sellers and Thomas Shaffer and Ryan Short and Daniel Sigg and Bram Slagmolen and Siddharth Soni and Ling Sun and David Tanner and Michael Thomas and Patrick Thomas and Keith Thorne and Calum Torrie and Gary Traylor and Gabriele Vajente and Jordan Vanosky and Alberto Vecchio and Peter Veitch and Ajay Vibhute and Erik Vonreis and Jim Warner and Betsy Weaver and Rainer Weiss and Chris Whittle and Benno Willke and Christopher Wipf and Hiro Yamamoto and Haocun Yu and Liyuan Zhang and Michael Zucker},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2404.14569},
year = {2024}
}