Squaring operations in the $RO(C_2)$-graded and real motivic Adams spectral sequences

In this paper we establish a formula for computing $d_2(sq^i(x))$ where $x$ is a permanent cycle in the $C_2$-equivariant Adams spectral sequence or the motivic Adams spectral sequence over $Spec(\mathbb{R})$. This requires establishing that the Adams towers have an $H_{\infty}$-structure as well as determining the attaching maps for $C_2$-equivariant projective spaces. The attaching maps of $C_2$-equivariant projective spaces can then be used to determine the coefficients of differentials in both the equivariant and motivic case. At the end some sample computations are given.