Splints of classical root systems

This article introduces a new term "splint" and classifies the splints of the classical root systems. The motivation comes from representation theory of semisimple Lie algebras. In a few instances, splints play a role in determining branching rules of a module over a complex semisimple Lie algebra when restricted to a subalgebra. In these particular cases, the set of submodules with respect to the subalgebra themselves may be regarded as the character of another Lie algebra.