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Some remarks on the group of formal diffeomorphisms of the line

Representation Theory 2025-02-11 v1 Functional Analysis Group Theory

Abstract

Consider a strictly positively graded finitely generated infinite-dimensional real Lie algebra g\mathfrak{g}. It has a well-defined Lie group G\overline{\mathbf{G}}, which is an inverse limit of finite-dimensional nilpotent Lie groups (a pro-unipotent group). Generally, representations (even finite-dimensional representations) of g\mathfrak{g} and actions of g\mathfrak{g} on manifolds do not admit liftings to G\overline{\mathbf{G}}. There is a canonically defined dense subgroup GG\mathbf{G}^\circ\subset \overline{\mathbf{G}} with a stronger (Polish) topology, which admits lifting of representations of g\mathfrak{g} in finite-dimensional spaces (and, more generally, of representations of g\mathfrak{g} by bounded operators in Banach spaces). We describe this completion for the group Diff\overline{\mathbf{Diff}} of formal diffeomorphisms of the line, i.e., substitutions of the form xx+p(x)x\mapsto x+ p(x), where p(x)=a2x2+p(x)=a_2 x^2+\dots are formal series, and show that the group Diff\mathbf{Diff}^\circ consists of series with subfactorial growth of coefficients.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2502.05582,
  title  = {Some remarks on the group of formal diffeomorphisms of the line},
  author = {Yury A. Neretin},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2502.05582},
  year   = {2025}
}

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