Some Identities in Quantum Torus Arising from Ringel-Hall Algebras

We define two classes of representations of quivers over arbitrary fields, called monomorphic representations and epimorphic representations. We show that every representation has a unique maximal nilpotent subrepresentation and the associated quotient is always monomorphic, and every representation has a unique maximal epimorphic subrepresentation and the associated quotient is always nilpotent. The uniquenesses of such subrepresenations imply two identities in the Ringel-Hall algebra. By applying Reineke's integration map, we obtain two identities in the corresponding quantum torus.