Small Data Explainer -- The impact of small data methods in everyday life
Abstract
The emergence of breakthrough artificial intelligence (AI) techniques has led to a renewed focus on how small data settings, i.e., settings with limited information, can benefit from such developments. This includes societal issues such as how best to include under-represented groups in data-driven policy and decision making, or the health benefits of assistive technologies such as wearables. We provide a conceptual overview, in particular contrasting small data with big data, and identify common themes from exemplary case studies and application areas. Potential solutions are described in a more detailed technical overview of current data analysis and modelling techniques, highlighting contributions from different disciplines, such as knowledge-driven modelling from statistics and data-driven modelling from computer science. By linking application settings, conceptual contributions and specific techniques, we highlight what is already feasible and suggest what an agenda for fully leveraging small data might look like.
Cite
@article{arxiv.2507.11773,
title = {Small Data Explainer -- The impact of small data methods in everyday life},
author = {Maren Hackenberg and Sophia G. Connor and Fabian Kabus and June Brawner and Ella Markham and Mahi Hardalupas and Areeq Chowdhury and Rolf Backofen and Anna Köttgen and Angelika Rohde and Nadine Binder and Harald Binder and the Collaborative Research Center 1597 Small Data},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2507.11773},
year = {2025}
}
Comments
Written in collaboration with the Royal Society, contributing to the Disability Technology report (https://royalsociety.org/news-resources/projects/disability-data-assistive-technology/)