Single-shot fourth-order auto-correlator

The temporal contrast is one of the most important parameters of an ultra-high intense laser pulse. Third-order auto-correlator or cross-correlator have been widely used to characterize the temporal contrast of an ultra-intense laser pulse in the past decades. Here, a novel and simple single-shot fourth-order auto-correlator to characterize the temporal contrast with higher time resolution and better pulse contrast fidelity in comparison to third-order correlators is proposed. The single-shot fourth-order autocorrelation consists of a frequency degenerate four-wave mixing process and a sum-frequency mixing process. The proof-of-principle experiments show that a dynamic range of approximately 10^11 compared with the noise level, a time resolution of approximately 160 fs, and a time window of 65 ps can be successfully obtained using the novel single-shot fourth-order auto-correlator, which is the highest dynamic range with simultaneous high time resolution for single-shot temporal contrast measurement so far. Furthermore, the temporal contrast of laser pulse from a PW laser system is successfully measured in single-shot with a dynamic range of about 2*10^10 and simultaneous a time resolution of 160 fs.